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Demographics and Crime Profile

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Detroit
is believed to have the highest population in the US, State of Michigan. It is
has a population of about 4.3 million people hence been ranked as the
fourteenth most populated city in the United States (Behind, 2001).&nbsp;
Since 20th century up to date, Detroit has lost high population due to
industrial job loss and industrial reforms, suburbanization, and a decline in
the auto industry (Appel &amp;
Hellerman, 2007). This city was declared bankrupt in the year 2013 and
Michigan governor appointed an emergency manager (Aitken
et al., 2005).

There
are many criminal activities that are evident in found in Detroit Michigan city
(Gavett, 2008). According
to criminal statistics in the year 2007, the following profile of crimes was
deduced. There were 4,843 robbery crimes, 40,956 property crimes, 386 murders,
11,500 vehicle thefts, 15,968 larceny-theft, 441 forcible rapes, 13,488
burglary, 562 arson and 9,341 aggravated assaults. Detroit Michigan city is
believed to experience a high crime rate. The main reasons for this have been
industrial reforms and lack of jobs, necessary measures need to be taken to
mitigate these crimes and arrest the criminals (Gavett, 2008).

Crimes
can be related to inequality. Though it cannot be clear how the degree of crime
can be related to inequality, there are transition zones where some say yes
crime is related to inequality while others say no. This shows that in Detroit
Michigan transition zones occur in criminal profile (Aitken et al., 2005).

How
is crime related to the gap between rich and poor? A report released by FBI
shows that crime rate was highly increasing in Detroit (Appel &amp; Hellerman, 2007). The gap that was
depicted between America rich and American poor was linked with criminal
violence (Second World War). 



According
to Chuck Wexler, who was the director in a police research forum says that
nowadays crimes are known to start with early warnings. He stipulates that not
all crimes that can widen the gap between the rich and the poor but violent
crimes are the most notorious in causing such effects (Appel &amp; Hellerman, 2007).

Though
in the 1990s there was a considerable decrease in crimes, this decline was not
uniform in Detroit city (Appel
&amp; Hellerman, 2007). The number of crimes rose in many Detroit medium
sized cities. Criminologists say that the causes of such increase in crime were
predictable. It is clear that the transition between poverty and wealthy is
when crimes are high.

Though
it is not easy to predict crimes trends, one can easily predict the effects
that can arise as a result violence. The poor will definitely engage in crime
hence increasing the crime rate. Though crimes have been associated with
economic inequality, which is not always the case. Some criminal activities are
not associated with inequality. It is stated that inequality influences violent
crimes, not property crimes (Aitken et al., 2005).

Another
transition zone occurs due to people’s mobility and geographic immobility.
Crimes cross Detroit territories due to increased use of automobiles. A
criminal may commit a crime in Detroit&nbsp;&nbsp;
and flee to neighborhood city to evade been arrested. Once he/she
settles in the other city starts crimes. 

The
project that was developed by Professor Miller of Saginaw Valley University and
his students helped in identifying criminal "hotspots" in Saginaw.
The professor opted to carry such a project after violence crimes became
rampant in the area (Aitken et al., 2005). This was a system that could map both cold
and hot spots. The professor was recognized by Lipe, the chief police after he
solved the problem. According to US census, the percentage of people living in
poverty level had declined due to an innovation of that project (Aitken et al.,
2005).On the other hand, GIS can be used in identifying criminal
"hotspots". GIS is currently the most used technology to monitor
criminal "hot spots" in Detroit Michigan city.

This
context can be related to socioeconomic status in various ways. Socioeconomic
status has several components. On the side of economics, industries can be
negatively affected. There is a great impact in social life like family break
up (Aitken et
al, 2005). Income is distribution is affected and job security
decreased. Due to increased violence education sector is negatively impacted.
Due to increased criminal activities, socioeconomics is negatively impacted.
Violence makes many businesses be closed.&nbsp;
Rape destroys the good human relationship. 

The
value of criminology theory can also be related to the information in this
context. Since there are some criminal activities this information can be used
to determine how to judge offenders. They can be judged according to the
severity of the crime. This information can also be used to clarify criminal
activities (Aitken et al, 2005). This information is useful in green
criminology. On the side of Marxist criminology, the information can be
utilized to determine what should be done or not.

In
conclusion, Detroit city was the, most populated in the United States,
Michigan. Due to industrial reforms, job scarcity and other factors the
population declined. This city is has a high criminal record. According to
transition zones, crimes are greatly associated with inequality and move
trans-boundary. GIS is currently used in Detroit Michigan City to identify
criminal “hot spots”.

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References

Aitken, B., Harrison, A., &amp;
Lipsey, R. E. (2005). Wages and foreign ownership A comparative &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; study of Mexico, Venezuela, and the United
States.&nbsp;Journal
of international &nbsp; Economics,&nbsp;40(3),
345-371.

Appel, M., &amp;
Hellerman, E. (2007). Census bureau experience with automated industry and &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; occupation coding. In&nbsp;American Statistical Association,
Proceedings of Section on Survey &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Research
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Methods&nbsp;(pp. 32-40).

Behind, N. C. L.
(2001). US Department of Education.&nbsp;Washington,
DC.

Gavett, T. W. (2008).
US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.Industrial and Labor Relations Review,&nbsp;23(4), 634.

criminology

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